分层沉积物河流-地下水系统水力连通演化          下载免费PDF全文

程大伟  詹红兵  李洁  邓婧芫 《水科学进展》2022,33(1):135-144

为揭示河流-地下水系统水力连通状态演化特征,以分层沉积物季节性失水河流-地下水系统为研究对象,解析水力连通状态判别标准,剖析系统内渗流变异机制,阐明水力连通状态变异类型与机制,完善演化理论框架。构建6个具有不同分层沉积物的河流-地下水系统渗流模型,利用数值模拟方法模拟水力连通状态演化及变异。结果表明:湿润锋曲线和饱和带前锋曲线是刻画水力连通状态演化的特征曲线;沉积物内渗透能力和毛细力作用差异是导致变异的原因。湿润锋曲线变异类型为陡坎型、缓坡型或交替型;饱和带前锋曲线变异类型为后移型、前突型或交替型。研究成果为进一步开展河流-地下水系统内水量评估、物质迁移和能量传输研究提供理论支撑。  相似文献   

Using pore-solid fractal dimension to estimate residual LNAPLs saturation in sandy aquifers: A column experiment          下载免费PDF全文

Lin Sun  Shuai-wei Wang  Cai-juan Guo  Chan Shi  Wei-chao Su 《地下水科学与工程》2022,10(1):87-98

The“tailing”effect caused by residual non-aqueous phase liquids(NAPLs)in porous aquifers is one of the frontiers in pollution hydrogeology research.Based on the current knowledge that the residual NAPLs is mainly controlled by the pore structure of soil,this study established a method for evaluating the residual saturation of NAPLs by investigating the fractal dimension of porous media.In this study,the soil column experiments of residual light NAPLs(LNAPLs)in sandy aquifer with different ratios of sands and soil were carried out,and the correlation between the fractal dimension of the medium,the residual of LNAPLs and the soil structure parameters are statistically analyzed,and its formation mechanism and main control factors are discussed.The results show that:Under our experimental condition:(1)the fractal dimension of the medium has a positive correlation with the residual saturation of NAPLs generally,and the optimal fitting function can be described by a quadratic model:S_R=192.02 D2-890.73 D+1040.8;(2)the dominant formation mechanism is:Smaller pores in the medium is related to larger fractal dimension,which leads to higher residual saturation of NAPLs;stronger heterogeneity of the medium is related to larger fractal dimension,which also leads to higher residual saturation of NAPLs;(3)the micro capillary pores characterized by fine sand are the main controlling factors of the formation mechanism.It is concluded that both the theory and the method of using fractal dimension of the medium to evaluate the residual saturation of NAPLs are feasible.This study provides a new perspective for the research of“tailing”effect of NAPLs in porous media aquifer.  相似文献   

An advanced hydro-mechanical constitutive model for unsaturated soils with different initial densities     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2015

This paper presents an advanced constitutive model for unsaturated soils, using Bishop’s effective stress (σ′) and the effective degree of saturation (S_e) as two fundamental constitutive variables in the proposed constitutive model. A sub-loading surface and a unified hardening parameter (H) are introduced into the σ′–S_e modelling framework to interpret the effects of initial density on coupled hydro-mechanical behaviour of compacted soils. Compared with existing models in the literature, the main advantage of the proposed model that it is capable of modelling hydro-mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soils compacted to different initial densities, such as the dependence of loading–collapse volume on initial void ratio and density effect on the shearing-induced saturation change. The proposed model requires 13 material parameters, all of which can be calibrated through conventional laboratory tests. Numerical studies are conducted to assess the performance of the model for a hypothetical soil under two typical hydro-mechanical loading scenarios. The proposed advanced unsaturated soil model is then validated against a number of experimental results for both isotropic and triaxial conditions reported in the literature.  相似文献   

混合润湿孔隙介质中油自吸实验研究          下载免费PDF全文

齐育楷  罗晓容  贺永红  党海龙  刘乃贵  雷裕红  张立宽 《地质科学》2015,(4):1208-1217

混合润湿孔隙介质普遍存在, 使得多相流体渗流过程十分复杂, 但对其研究和认识至今仍很肤浅, 是油气运移成藏、剩余油气分布等方面研究中必须解决的关键难题。本文通过对饱和水的混合润湿模型进行油自吸实验, 观察不同混合润湿程度条件下油自吸运移过程, 分析认识混合润湿孔隙介质中多相渗流的机理。实验结果表明, 在混合润湿孔隙介质中油是否能够自发地运移与介质中亲油颗粒的比例关系密切, 但并非简单的单调变化关系。研究认为, 亲油颗粒与亲水颗粒随机分布, 导致多种与喉道配位颗粒的亲油-亲水关系, 当亲油颗粒比例占优才表现为亲油喉道。机理上, 混合润湿孔隙介质中油自吸运移的发生与否及程度取决于亲油喉道在空间上的连通程度, 后者与孔隙介质中亲油颗粒比例相当。仅有当孔隙介质中亲油颗粒足够多, 且组成的亲油喉道能够相互接触形成连续亲油通道时, 油才能够通过自吸运移进入多孔介质。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长9油藏油水分布关系分析          下载免费PDF全文

杨亚娟  张雷  张艳  张才利  唐潮 《地质找矿论丛》2013,28(2):263-267

鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长9油藏油水分布关系复杂,试油产水率较高。单井油水分布关系以油水共存型为主。文章从长9层地层水性质、油藏压力与流体单元、砂体连通性、残余油饱和度、油藏保存条件等方面分析了油水分布的控制因素。研究认为该区油藏存在多个流体单元,同一流体单元内连通砂体上倾方向含油,下倾方向含水,不同流体单元具有相对独立的油水界面,且长9油藏成藏过程中油气充注程度相对较低,这些因素导致油藏油水分布关系复杂。  相似文献   

内蒙卓资-凉城地区古元古代变质过铝/强过铝花岗岩的形成温度:区域高温/超高温变质作用证据   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

罗志波  张华锋  张若愚  王思程 《矿物岩石》2012,32(2):20-30

内蒙古卓资-凉城地区孔兹岩系出露大量古元古代过铝/强过铝花岗岩。野外地质和岩石地球化学特征均显示它们存在两种类型。一类来自孔兹岩部分熔融,与孔兹岩呈渐变过渡关系并以含有粗大的石榴石、石英和堇青石斑晶为特征,出露广泛(A类);另一类花岗岩为花岗侵入岩体,矿物粒度相对细小,无矿物斑晶,其起源尚待进一步查证(B类)。电子探针(EPMA)分析石英单颗粒Ti含量并运用钛温度计进行计算,结果显示两类花岗岩石英Ti温度存在较明显差异:A类中石英钛温度多集中在680℃～800℃和>800℃间,而B类花岗岩多集中在650℃～750℃间,前者较后者普遍存在高的Ti温度值;两类花岗岩的锆饱和温度也存在差异,两者分别集中在820℃～890℃和700℃～780℃间。结果表明,来自孔兹岩部分熔融的A类花岗质岩石形成温度应高于900℃,B类花岗岩侵入体的石英和锆饱和温度均反映出正常花岗质侵入体结晶温度范围。由于A类花岗岩广泛分布在卓资-凉城地区,因此我们认为本区发生的超高温变质作用属于区域高温/超高温变质作用的结果。  相似文献   

地震安全性评价中地震动衰减关系的类型及其选取          下载免费PDF全文

文雯  陈宇军  王珏  邓晓华  YANG Ya-qiong 《地震工程学报》2013,35(3):709-714

通过阐述地震安全性评价工作中地震动衰减关系的演变介绍了衰减关系的三种类型,其差别在于是否含有高频地震动震级饱和因子C3M2项和加速度近场饱和因子C5eC6M项;分析了这两个因子的由来和作用,并举实例说明,当场地所处的地震环境受高频地震动影响较小时,可忽略C3M2项的影响;而加速度近场饱和因子因包含了震源体尺度的影响,并与实际观测记录相符,是衰减关系必须包含的内容。  相似文献   

Geochemical survey of Levante Bay,Vulcano Island (Italy), a natural laboratory for the study of ocean acidification     

F. Boatta  W. D’Alessandro  A.L. Gagliano  M. Liotta  M. Milazzo  R. Rodolfo-Metalpa  J.M. Hall-Spencer  F. Parello 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

Shallow submarine gas vents in Levante Bay, Vulcano Island (Italy), emit around 3.6t CO₂ per day providing a natural laboratory for the study of biogeochemical processes related to seabed CO₂ leaks and ocean acidification. The main physico-chemical parameters (T, pH and Eh) were measured at more than 70 stations with 40 seawater samples were collected for chemical analyses. The main gas vent area had high concentrations of dissolved hydrothermal gases, low pH and negative redox values all of which returned to normal seawater values at distances of about 400 m from the main vents. Much of the bay around the vents is corrosive to calcium carbonate; the north shore has a gradient in seawater carbonate chemistry that is well suited to studies of the effects of long-term increases in CO₂ levels. This shoreline lacks toxic compounds (such as H₂S) and has a gradient in carbonate saturation states.  相似文献   

Simulation of groundwater and nuclide transport in the near-field of the high-level radioactive waste repository with TOUGHREACT     

Xun Li  Zeping Yang  Zhihong Zheng  Hongmei Wu 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(3):299-305

In order to know the mechanism of groundwater transport and the variation of ion concentrations in the near-field of the high-level radioactive waste repository, the whole process was simulated by EOS3 module of TOUGHREACT. Generally, the pH and cation concentrations vary obviously in the near-field saturated zone due to interaction between groundwater and bentonite. Moreover, the simulated results showed that calcite precipitation could not cause obvious variations in the porosity of media in the near-filed if the chemical components and their concentrations of groundwater and bentonite pore water are similar to those used in this study.  相似文献   

高煤阶煤层气藏储层应力敏感性研究   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

陈振宏  王一兵  郭凯  孙钦平  张亚蒲 《地质学报》2008,82(10):1390-1395

水相存在使煤储层应力敏感性更加复杂,是煤层气开发需要特别关注的问题。通过开展煤储层干样与湿样的应力敏感性实验,分析了煤储层应力敏感性特征。应用数值模拟方法,研究了煤储层应力敏感性对煤层气井产能的影响。研究结果显示,煤储层具有强应力敏感性并且明显不可逆性。有效压力从2 MPa增加到10 MPa,气相渗透率降低90%;初始渗透率越低,应力敏感性越强,有效应力降低以后,煤岩渗透率不能恢复到原始水平。水相存在使得煤层气藏应力敏感性更强,有效压力从2 MPa增大到3 MPa,3块煤岩湿样渗透率分别降低了66.0%、50.4%和58.5%,而干岩芯渗透率降低幅度均低于50%。同时随含水饱和度增高,表现出应力敏感性愈强的趋势。煤储层应力敏感性极大地影响煤层气井产能,储集层原始渗透性越差,应力敏感对产量的影响越大。因此,煤层气生产过程中,特别是煤层气排采初期,地层压力较高,一味地增大生产压差可能不会增加煤层气井产量。  相似文献